Review of Management
Word of “Management” comes from the ancient French language, from ménagement word, which means the art of implementing and managing.
However, this word does not have an established definition and universally accepted.
Mary Parker Follett defined this term as the art work done through others.
This definition has meant that a manager’s duty to regulate and direct others to achieve organizational goals.
Ricky W. Griffin, defines management as a process of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling resources to achieve objectives (goals) in an effective and efficient.
Indeed, talking about management, it is closely related to the organization. Organization according to Griffin (2002) is a group of people who work together in a certain structure and coordination in achieving a series of specific goals.
In running an organization, then the required resources, includes: human resources, natural resources, financial resources or funds and informational resources.
Overall resources are then managed through the cooperation of different people so that organizational goals achieved. Here lies the importance of management.
So then Nickels McHugh (1997) defines management as a process undertaken to achieve organizational goals through a series of activities of planning, organizing, directing and controlling people and other organizational resources.
Encyclopedia Americana notes the definition of management as “the art of coordinating the ele-ments of factors of production towards the achievement of the purposes of an organization “. Achievement of organizational objectives occurs through the use of men, materials, and machines.
That thing can be concluded that the management is the art or process of completing something related to the achievement of objectives. In an attempt to reach it, it takes the involvement of the 3 factors involved, namely:
* The use of organizational resources.
* There is a gradual process starting from planning, organizing, and directing to the control and supervision.
* The art of finishing the job. Management is required in order to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently. Effective according to Peter F. Drucker is “doing the right things”, while efficient is” doing things right”.
